PHP面向对象程序设计之对象生成的示例分析-创新互联
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对象
看个例子
name = $name; } abstract function fire(); } class Minion extends Employee { // 奴隶 继承 雇员 function fire() { print "{$this->name}: I'll clear my desk\n"; } } class NastyBoss { // 坏老板 private $employees = array(); function addEmployee( $employeeName ) { // 添加员工 $this->employees[] = new Minion( $employeeName ); // 代码灵活性受到限制 } function projectFails() { if ( count( $this->employees ) > 0 ) { $emp = array_pop( $this->employees ); $emp->fire(); // 炒鱿鱼 } } } $boss = new NastyBoss(); $boss->addEmployee( "harry" ); $boss->addEmployee( "bob" ); $boss->addEmployee( "mary" ); $boss->projectFails(); // output: // mary: I'll clear my desk ?>
再看一个更具有灵活性的案例
name = $name; } abstract function fire(); } class Minion extends Employee { function fire() { print "{$this->name}: I'll clear my desk\n"; } } class NastyBoss { private $employees = array(); function addEmployee( Employee $employee ) { // 传入对象 $this->employees[] = $employee; } function projectFails() { if ( count( $this->employees ) ) { $emp = array_pop( $this->employees ); $emp->fire(); } } } // new Employee class... class CluedUp extends Employee { function fire() { print "{$this->name}: I'll call my lawyer\n"; } } $boss = new NastyBoss(); $boss->addEmployee( new Minion( "harry" ) ); // 直接以对象作为参数,更具有灵活性 $boss->addEmployee( new CluedUp( "bob" ) ); $boss->addEmployee( new Minion( "mary" ) ); $boss->projectFails(); $boss->projectFails(); $boss->projectFails(); // output: // mary: I'll clear my desk // bob: I'll call my lawyer // harry: I'll clear my desk ?>
单例
props[$key] = $val; } public function getProperty( $key ) { return $this->props[$key]; } } $pref = Preferences::getInstance(); $pref->setProperty( "name", "matt" ); unset( $pref ); // remove the reference $pref2 = Preferences::getInstance(); print $pref2->getProperty( "name" ) ."\n"; // demonstrate value is not lost ?>
点评:不能随意创建对象,只能通过Preferences::getInstance()来创建对象。
工厂模式
getApptEncoder(); // 获取对象 print $bloggs->encode(); ?>
output:
Appointment data encoded in BloggsCal format
进一步增加灵活性设置
mode = $mode; } function getHeaderText() { switch ( $this->mode ) { case ( self::MEGA ): return "MegaCal header\n"; default: return "BloggsCal header\n"; } } function getApptEncoder() { switch ( $this->mode ) { case ( self::MEGA ): return new MegaApptEncoder(); default: return new BloggsApptEncoder(); } } } $man = new CommsManager( CommsManager::MEGA ); print ( get_class( $man->getApptEncoder() ) )."\n"; $man = new CommsManager( CommsManager::BLOGGS ); print ( get_class( $man->getApptEncoder() ) )."\n"; ?>
output:
MegaApptEncoder
BloggsApptEncoder
工厂方法模式要把创建者类与要生产的产品类分离开来。
抽象工厂
通过抽象来来约束,成为一定的规矩。
getHeaderText(); print $mgr->getApptEncoder()->encode(); // 对象调用方法,返回对象,继续调用方法。 print $mgr->getFooterText(); ?>
output:
MegaCal header
Appointment data encoded in MegaCal format
MegaCal footer
更加牛逼的实现
getHeaderText(); print $mgr->make( CommsManager::APPT )->encode(); print $mgr->getFooterText(); ?>
output:
BloggsCal header
Appointment data encoded in BloggsCal format
BloggsCal footer
原型模式
改造成一个保存具体产品的工厂类。
sea = $sea; $this->plains = $plains; $this->forest = $forest; } function getSea( ) { return clone $this->sea; // 克隆 } function getPlains( ) { return clone $this->plains; } function getForest( ) { return clone $this->forest; } } $factory = new TerrainFactory( new EarthSea(), new EarthPlains(), new EarthForest() ); print_r( $factory->getSea() ); print_r( $factory->getPlains() ); print_r( $factory->getForest() ); ?>
output:
EarthSea Object ( ) EarthPlains Object ( ) EarthForest Object ( )
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