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java 中ThreadPoolExecutor原理分析

线程池简介

Java线程池是开发中常用的工具，当我们有异步、并行的任务要处理时，经常会用到线程池，或者在实现一个服务器时，也需要使用线程池来接收连接处理请求。

线程池使用

JDK中提供的线程池实现位于java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor。在使用时，通常使用ExecutorService接口，它提供了submit,invokeAll,shutdown等通用的方法。

在线程池配置方面，Executors类中提供了一些静态方法能够提供一些常用场景的线程池，如newFixedThreadPool,newCachedThreadPool,newSingleThreadExecutor等，这些方法最终都是调用到了ThreadPoolExecutor的构造函数。

ThreadPoolExecutor的包含所有参数的构造函数是

/**
   * @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, even
   *    if they are idle, unless {@code allowCoreThreadTimeOut} is set
   * @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the
   *    pool
   * @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than
   *    the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads
   *    will wait for new tasks before terminating.
   * @param unit the time unit for the {@code keepAliveTime} argument
   * @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they are
   *    executed. This queue will hold only the {@code Runnable}
   *    tasks submitted by the {@code execute} method.
   * @param threadFactory the factory to use when the executor
   *    creates a new thread
   * @param handler the handler to use when execution is blocked
   *    because the thread bounds and queue capacities are reached
  public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
               int maximumPoolSize,
               long keepAliveTime,
               TimeUnit unit,
               BlockingQueue workQueue,
               ThreadFactory threadFactory,
               RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
    if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
      maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
      maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
      keepAliveTime < 0)
      throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
      throw new NullPointerException();
    this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
    this.workQueue = workQueue;
    this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
    this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
    this.handler = handler;
  }

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