oraclerac11.0.2.4初学者简要安装步骤-创新互联
########12c rac 多出一个grid的base目录和需要准备一个40G的盘做GIMR磁盘，其他大致相同.
########从满脑子问号rac是什么开始搞，做之前先百度了解rac是什么，基本架构是怎么样的，大概就是下图这样子，详细点的自行百度~
########准备好oracle安装包，Oracle官网下载，包不要钱.
########p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7
1.VMware环境：两台安装linux的虚拟机，本次我使用的red hat 6.8，每台两个网卡public/private。
搞几个共享磁盘出来
cmd切换到VMware安装目录下，执行创建共享磁盘.
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 1G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\data.vmdk
vmware-vdiskmanager.exe -c -s 5G -a lsilogic -t 2 C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk
改虚拟机的.vmx文件，文件末尾添加刚才创建的虚拟磁盘.
scsi1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:1.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr01.vmdk"
scsi1:1.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:2.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr02.vmdk"
scsi1:2.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:3.filename = "C:\share_disk\ocr03.vmdk"
scsi1:3.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:4.filename = "C:\share_disk\backup.vmdk"
scsi1:4.deviceType = "disk"
scsi1:5.present = "TRUE"
scsi1:5.mode = "independent-persistent"
scsi1:5.filename = "C:\share_disk\data.vmdk"
scsi1:5.deviceType = "disk"
disk.locking = "false"
disk.EnableUUID = "true"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"
diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"
diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"
diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"
diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"
2.开机检查两台主机都可以看到刚添加的共享盘，检查swap空间。
内存 | Swap |
1 - 2 GB | 内存的1.5倍 |
2-16GB | 和内存相等 |
>16GB | 16 GB |
3.操作系统配置
3.1关闭selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
3.2关闭iptables
rhel6
service iptables stop
chkconfig ip6tables off
chkconfig iptables off
rhel7
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
firewall-cmd --state
3.3改IP地址，改hosts文件
cat >> /etc/hosts < 2.2.2.10 rac1 2.2.2.11 rac1-vip 2.2.2.20 rac2 2.2.2.21 rac2-vip 2.2.2.15 rac-scan 192.168.88.200 rac1-priv 192.168.88.201 rac2-priv EOF 禁用ntp，oracle rac中会使用ctss来同步集群时间. mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak 3.4内核参数 cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf < kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 EOF sysctl -p 3.5Limits cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf < grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 EOF 12C： grid soft stack 10240 oracle soft stack 10240 3.6 pam echo session required pam_limits.so >>/etc/pam.d/login 3.7 profile cat >>/etc/profile < if [ $USER = "oracle" ] || [ $USER = "grid" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi umask 022 fi EOF 3.8 新建用户及更改环境变量. /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper /usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid /usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle ##passwd oracle echo "oracle:oracle" | chpasswd ##passwd grid echo "grid:grid" | chpasswd ##Oracle Inventory目录 mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory ##Grid Home目录 mkdir -p /u01/11.2.0/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/12.2.0/grid chmod -R 775 /u01/11.2.0/grid ##Oracle Base目录 mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle ##Oracle Home目录 mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/product/ chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/product/ 12C：grid $ORACLE_BASE mkdir /u01/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/grid chmod -R 775 /u01/grid ##oracle用户.bash_profile添加 vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=jicheng1 ##rac2为jicheng2 export NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16gbk export PATH=.:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/ u01/11.2.0/grid/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib ##grid用户.bash_profile添加 vi /home/grid/.bash_profile export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #12C export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/11.2.0/grid export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 ##rac2为ASM2 export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib 3.9 操作系统配置结束，reboot两台机器（改配置文件关selinux重启生效） 4.ASM盘，可以使用ASMlib和udev方式来绑定，本次使用udev来绑定ASM磁盘 取共享磁盘ssid，创建文件/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules并写入，往rac2节点拷贝一份，同样启动start_udev rhel6 for i in sdb sdc sdd sde sdf; do UUID=`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$i` ; echo 'KERNEL=="sd*", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name", RESULT=="'$UUID'", NAME="asm-'$i'", OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"'; done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules ; cat /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules start_udev ll /dev/asm* scp/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules 2.2.2.20:/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules rac2 : start_udev ll /dev/asm* rhel7 for i in b c d e f do UUID=`/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i` echo 'KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="'$UUID'", SYMLINK+="asm-disk'$i'",OWNER="grid", GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"' done >> /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle.rules /sbin/udevadm trigger --type=devices --action=change udevadm control --reload-rules 5.上传文件，安装依赖包，图形界面安装grid，oracle数据库软件，DBCA建库。 5.1安装依赖包，配好yum装吧 yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc ksh libaio libgcc libstdc++ make compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel 5.2图形界面grid用户运行 ./runInstaller installation type 选高级. 添加rac2，配置双节点grid用户互信 注意选择路径，把刚才三个ocr磁盘选上 最后安装检查会报asm磁盘警告，检查两个节点都可以访问asm磁盘后直接忽略下一步. dd if=/dev/zero f=/dev/asm-sda bs=1024 count=1 5.3安装完成运行root脚本，先在第一个节点上执行，然后其他节点顺序执行，不能同时执行 /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/11.2.0/grid/root.sh 5.4验证集群 [root@rac1]# /oracle/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t Name Type Target State Host ------------------------------------------------------------ ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.rac1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.rac1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.rac2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora.rac2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2 ora....ry.acfs ora....fs.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1 5.5图形界面oracle用户运行 ./runInstaller 只安装数据库软件 添加rac2，设置oracle用户互信 5.6一路下一步到安装完成，同样执行root脚本 5.7DBCA建库，图形界面Oracle用户执行dbca 选rac数据库 自定义，定制 选中两个节点 使用ASM盘存储数据 后面配置就看需求了，测试环境可以都试一试. 结束。 另外有需要云服务器可以了解下创新互联cdcxhl.cn，海内外云服务器15元起步，三天无理由+7*72小时售后在线，公司持有idc许可证，提供“云服务器、裸金属服务器、高防服务器、香港服务器、美国服务器、虚拟主机、免备案服务器”等云主机租用服务以及企业上云的综合解决方案，具有“安全稳定、简单易用、服务可用性高、性价比高”等特点与优势，专为企业上云打造定制，能够满足用户丰富、多元化的应用场景需求。
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