web开发中如何使用requestmethod过滤

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request method过滤:

一般来说,即便是同一个url,因为请求方法不同,处理方式也不同;

如一url,GET方法返回网页内容,POST方法browser提交数据过来需要处理,并存入DB,最终返回给browser存储成功或失败;

即,需请求方法和正则同时匹配才能决定执行什么处理函数;

GET,请求指定的页面信息,并返回header和body;

HEAD,类似GET,只不过返回的响应中只有header没有body;

POST,向指定资源提交数据进行处理请求,如提交表单或上传文件,数据被包含在请求正文中,POST请求可能会导致新的资源的建立和已有资源的修改;

PUT,从c向s传送的数据取代指定的文档内容,MVC框架中或restful开发中常用;

DELETE,请求s删除指定的内容;

注:

s端可只支持GET、POST,其它HEAD、PUT、DELETE可不支持;

ver1:

例:

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc

import re

class Application:

    # ROUTE_TABLE = {}

    ROUTE_TABLE = []   #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]

    GET = 'GET'

    @classmethod

    def register(cls, method, pattern):

        def wrapper(handler):

            cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((method, re.compile(pattern), handler))

            return handler

        return wrapper

    @dec.wsgify

    def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:

        for method, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:

            if request.method.upper() != method:

                continue

            if regex.match(request.path):   #同if regex.search(request.path)

                return handler(request)

        raise exc.HTTPNotFound()

@Application.register(Application.GET, '/python$')   #若非要写成@Application.register('/python$'),看下例

def showpython(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

hello python

'.encode()

    return res

@Application.register('post', '^/$')

def index(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

welcome

'.encode()

    return res

if __name__ == '__main__':

    ip = '127.0.0.1'

    port = 9999

    server = make_server(ip, port, Application())

    try:

        server.serve_forever()

    except Exception as e:

        print(e)

    finally:

        server.shutdown()

        server.server_close()

VER2:

例:

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc

import re

class Application:

    # ROUTE_TABLE = {}

    ROUTE_TABLE = []   #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]

    GET = 'GET'

    @classmethod

    def route(cls, method, pattern):

        def wrapper(handler):

            cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((method, re.compile(pattern), handler))

            return handler

        return wrapper

    @classmethod

    def get(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route('GET', pattern)

    @classmethod

    def post(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route('POST', pattern)

    @classmethod

    def head(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route('HEAD', pattern)

    @dec.wsgify

    def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:

        for method, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:

            print(method, regex, handler)

            if request.method.upper() != method:

                continue

            matcher = regex.search(request.path)

            print(matcher)

            if matcher:   #if regex.search(request.path)

                return handler(request)

        raise exc.HTTPNotFound()

@Application.get('/python$')

def showpython(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

hello python

'.encode()

    return res

@Application.post('^/$')

def index(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

welcome

'.encode()

    return res

if __name__ == '__main__':

    ip = '127.0.0.1'

    port = 9999

    server = make_server(ip, port, Application())

    try:

        server.serve_forever()

    except Exception as e:

        print(e)

    finally:

        server.shutdown()

        server.server_close()

VER3:

例:

一个url可设置多个方法:

思路1:

如果什么方法都不写,相当于所有方法都支持;

@Application.route('^/$')相当于@Application.route(None,'^/$')

如果一个处理函数需要关联多个请求方法,这样写:

@Application.route(['GET','PUT','DELETE'],'^/$')

@Application.route(('GET','PUT','POST'),'^/$')

@Application.route({'GET','PUT','DELETE'},'^/$')

思路2:

调整参数位置,把请求方法放到最后,变成可变参数:

def route(cls,pattern,*methods):

methods若是一个空元组,表示匹配所有方法;

methods若是非空,表示匹配指定方法;

@Application.route('^/$','POST','PUT','DELETE')

@Application.route('^/$')相当于@Application.route('^/$','GET','PUT','POST','HEAD','DELETE')

例:

from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server

from webob import Request, Response, dec, exc

import re

class Application:

    # ROUTE_TABLE = {}

    ROUTE_TABLE = []   #[(method, re.compile(pattern), handler)]

    GET = 'GET'

    @classmethod

    def route(cls, pattern, *methods):

        def wrapper(handler):

            cls.ROUTE_TABLE.append((methods, re.compile(pattern), handler))

            return handler

        return wrapper

    @classmethod

    def get(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route(pattern, 'GET')

    @classmethod

    def post(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route(pattern, 'POST')

    @classmethod

    def head(cls, pattern):

        return cls.route(pattern, 'HEAD')

    @dec.wsgify

    def __call__(self, request:Request) -> Response:

        for methods, regex, handler in self.ROUTE_TABLE:

            print(methods, regex, handler)

            if not methods or request.method.upper() in methods:   #not methods,即所有请求方法

                matcher = regex.search(request.path)

                print(matcher)

                if matcher:

                    return handler(request)

        raise exc.HTTPNotFound()

@Application.get('/python$')

def showpython(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

hello python

'.encode()

    return res

@Application.route('^/$')   #支持所有请求方法,结合__call__()中not methods

def index(request):

    res = Response()

    res.body = '

welcome

'.encode()

    return res

if __name__ == '__main__':

    ip = '127.0.0.1'

    port = 9999

    server = make_server(ip, port, Application())

    try:

        server.serve_forever()

    except Exception as e:

        print(e)

    finally:

        server.shutdown()

        server.server_close()

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