分析PostgreSQL中的PrepareTransaction特性
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比如以下一个应用场景:
数据分别存储在Oracle和PostgreSQL中,要求事务跨Oracle和PostgreSQL实现事务一致性,使用PG的Prepare Transaction可以(非完美)实现,不过需要引入更高层的事务管理器TM.
1.TM:开启PostgreSQL和Oracle事务
2.PostgreSQL:对数据进行处理
3.TM:对PG执行Prepare Transaction
4.Oracle:对数据进行处理
5.TM:PG提交事务
6.TM:如第5步出错,则回滚Oracle事务,否则提交Oracle事务
启用两阶段提交特性
[pg12@localhost pg121db]$ vim postgresql.conf [pg12@localhost pg121db]$ pg_ctl restart waiting for server to shut down.... done server stopped waiting for server to start....2020-02-10 15:24:24.979 CST @ 2122 LOG: starting PostgreSQL 12.1 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16), 64-bit 2020-02-10 15:24:24.980 CST @ 2122 LOG: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5120 2020-02-10 15:24:24.980 CST @ 2122 LOG: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5120 2020-02-10 15:24:24.985 CST @ 2122 LOG: listening on Unix socket "/data/run/pg12/.s.PGSQL.5120" 2020-02-10 15:24:25.058 CST @ 2122 LOG: redirecting log output to logging collector process 2020-02-10 15:24:25.058 CST @ 2122 HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "pg_log". done server started [pg12@localhost pg121db]$ grep 'prepared' postgresql.conf max_prepared_transactions = 10 # zero disables the feature # Caution: it is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless # you actively intend to use prepared transactions. [pg12@localhost pg121db]$
测试代码
使用Java语言编写测试代码
/* * */ package testPG; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; public class TestBoolean { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("---------- PG -----------"); try (Connection conn4pg = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:postgresql://192.168.26.28:5120/testdb", "pg12", "pg12"); Connection conn4ora = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.1.18:1521:orcl", "test", "test")) { // PG System.out.println("---------- PG -----------"); conn4pg.setAutoCommit(false); boolean isOK = TestPG(conn4pg); if (!isOK) { System.out.println("---------- Fail! -----------"); return; } TestPGPreTrans(conn4pg); // Oracle System.out.println("---------- Oracle -----------"); conn4ora.setAutoCommit(false); isOK = TestOracle(conn4ora); // COMMIT conn4pg.setAutoCommit(true); TestPGEndPreTrans(conn4pg, isOK); conn4ora.commit(); System.out.println("---------- DONE -----------"); } catch (SQLException se) { System.out.println(se.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { } // end try } public static boolean TestPG(Connection conn) { try (PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into t_pg(id,value) values(?,?)");) { pstmt.setInt(1, 1); pstmt.setString(2, "PostgreSQL"); pstmt.execute(); return true; } catch (SQLException se) { System.out.println(se.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { } // end try return false; } // end public static void TestPGPreTrans(Connection conn) { try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) { // 执行 stmt.execute("prepare transaction 'pt1'"); stmt.execute("commit"); } catch (SQLException se) { System.out.println(se.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { } // end try } // end public static void TestPGEndPreTrans(Connection conn, Boolean isOK) { try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) { // 执行 if (isOK) { stmt.execute("commit prepared 'pt1'"); } else { stmt.execute("rollback prepared 'pt1'"); } } catch (SQLException se) { System.out.println(se.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { } // end try } // end public static boolean TestOracle(Connection conn) { try (PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement("insert into t_oracle(id,value) values(?,?)");) { pstmt.setInt(1, 1); pstmt.setString(2, "Oracle"); pstmt.execute(); return true; } catch (SQLException se) { System.out.println(se.getMessage()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { } // end try return false; } // end } // end Class
成功执行
TEST-orcl@DESKTOP-V430TU3>select * from t_oracle; ID VALUE ---------- -------------------- 1 Oracle [local:/data/run/pg12]:5120 pg12@testdb=# select * from t_pg; id | value ----+------------ 1 | PostgreSQL (1 row)
执行失败
Oracle数据表添加唯一索引,插入会失败。
TEST-orcl@DESKTOP-V430TU3>alter table t_oracle add primary key(id); Table altered.
Java日志输出
---------- PG ----------- ---------- PG ----------- ---------- Oracle ----------- ORA-00001: 违反唯一约束条件 (TEST.SYS_C0064492) ---------- DONE -----------
查询PG数据库
[local:/data/run/pg12]:5120 pg12@testdb=# select * from t_pg; id | value ----+------------ 1 | PostgreSQL (1 row)
仍然是1条记录,实现了跨数据库的事务一致性。
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