Java实现图书管理系统的代码怎么写
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一、功能介绍
此图书管理系统借助IDEA开发工具实现
图书馆系统一共有两种身份的访问:
1.管理员身份:
2.普通用户身份:
我们一共有三个包分别是book,operations,user实现.
二、Main包
main函数主要进行大致流程的进行,图书库的初始化,图书管理系统的登录,以及具体操作的选择,即实施.
import book.BookList; import user.AdminUser; import user.NormalUser; import user.User; import java.util.Scanner; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { //1.先初始化图书库,以及初始化: BookList bookList = new BookList(); //2.登录 User user = login();//向上转型,User接受管理员或者用户对象 //3.打印菜单,进行具体操作 while(true) { int choice = user.menu(); user.doOperation(choice,bookList); } } }
登录功能:
public static User login() { System.out.println("请输入你的姓名: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String userName = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("请输入你的身份: 1-> 管理员 2-> 用户"); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); if(choice == 1) { return new AdminUser(userName); }else { return new NormalUser(userName); } }
三、User包
因为有两套系统,管理员和普通用户,所以我们将共同属性提取出来一个User抽象类,以达到代码复用
1. User
package user; import book.BookList; import operations.IOperation; public abstract class User { protected String name; IOperation[] iOperations; public User(String name) { this.name = name; } public abstract int menu(); public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) { iOperations[choice].work(bookList); } }
2. AdminUser
package user; import operations.*; import java.util.Scanner; public class AdminUser extends User{ public AdminUser(String name) { super(name); this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), new FindOperation(), new AddOperation(), new DelOperation(), new DisplayOperation() }; } public int menu() { System.out.println("欢迎: "+name+"来到图书馆"); System.out.println("**********************************"); System.out.println("1. 查找图书"); System.out.println("2. 新增图书"); System.out.println("3. 删除图书"); System.out.println("4. 显示图书"); System.out.println("0. 退出图书"); System.out.println("**********************************"); System.out.println("请输入你的操作: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); return choice; } }
3. NormalUser
package user; import operations.*; import java.util.Scanner; public class NormalUser extends User{ public NormalUser(String name) { super(name); this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{ new ExitOperation(), new FindOperation(), new BorrowOperation(), new ReturnOperation() }; } public int menu() { System.out.println("欢迎: "+name+"来到图书馆"); System.out.println("**********************************"); System.out.println("1. 查找图书"); System.out.println("2. 借阅图书"); System.out.println("3. 归还图书"); System.out.println("0. 退出图书"); System.out.println("**********************************"); System.out.println("请输入你的操作: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); int choice = scanner.nextInt(); return choice; } }
四、book包
我们对book的属性进行书写,以及在BookList种对图书库的书进行初始化.
1. Book
package book; public class Book { private String name;//书名 private String author;//作者 private int price;//价格 private String type;//书的类型 private boolean isBorrowed;//书默认未借出 public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) { this.name = name; this.author = author; this.price = price; this.type = type; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getAuthor() { return author; } public void setAuthor(String author) { this.author = author; } public int getPrice() { return price; } public void setPrice(int price) { this.price = price; } public String getType() { return type; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public boolean isBorrowed() { return isBorrowed; } public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) { isBorrowed = borrowed; } @Override public String toString() { return "Book{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", author='" + author + '\'' + ", price=" + price + ", type='" + type + '\'' + ","+ ((isBorrowed == true) ? "该书已借出" : "该书未借出" )+ '}'; } }
2. BookList
package book; public class BookList { public Book[] books = new Book[100]; public int usedSize;//用来存当前共有多少本书 /** * 事先通过代码块 * * 事先存进去三本书 */ { books[0] = new Book("java","高斯林",95,"IT"); books[1] = new Book("C++","姚琳",93,"IT"); books[2] = new Book("python","马瑟斯",80,"IT"); this.usedSize = 3; } public Book getPos(int pos) { //获取某一位置的书 return books[pos]; } public void setBooks(Book book,int pos) { //存储一本书 到指定位置 books[pos] = book; } public int getUsedSize() { return usedSize; } public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) { this.usedSize = usedSize; } }
五、operations包
我们的图书管理系统有很多具体的操作,为了后面方便多态,以及检验错误,所以我们实现一个具体的IOperation接口,每一个具体的操作去实现这个接口.
1. IOperation接口
package operations; import book.BookList; public interface IOperation { void work(BookList bookList); }
2. AddOperation
增加图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; import java.util.Scanner; public class AddOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("新增图书! "); System.out.println("请输入要新增的图书的名字: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("请输入要新增的图书的作者: "); String author = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("请输入要新增的图书的价格: "); int price = scanner.nextInt(); System.out.println("请输入要新增的图书的类型: "); String type = scanner.nextLine(); Book book = new Book(name,author,price,type); //1.获取当前书存放的位置 int curSize = bookList.getUsedSize(); //2.把书放在指定位置 bookList.setBooks(book,curSize); //3.更新书的个数 bookList.setUsedSize(curSize+1); } }
3. BorrowOperation
借阅图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; import java.util.Scanner; public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("借阅图书! "); System.out.println("请输入要借阅的图书的名字: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())) { if(book.isBorrowed()) { System.out.println("该书已经被借出! "); }else { book.setBorrowed(true); System.out.println("借阅图书成功! "); return; } } } System.out.println("没有你要借阅的书! "); } }
4. DelOperation
删除图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; import java.util.Scanner; public class DelOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("删除图书! "); System.out.println("请输入要删除的图书: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); //查找图书是否有此图书,记录下标 int index = -1; for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())) { index = i; break; } } if(index == -1) { System.out.println("没有 "+name+"这本书!"); return; } for (int i = index; i < bookList.getUsedSize()-1; i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i+1); bookList.setBooks(book,i); } //删除的书,要置空 bookList.setBooks(null, bookList.getUsedSize()-1); bookList.setUsedSize(bookList.getUsedSize()-1); } }
5. DisplayOperation
显示图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("显示图书! "); for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i); System.out.println(book); } } }
6. ExitOperation
退出图书:
package operations; import book.BookList; public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("退出系统! "); System.exit(0); } }
7. FindOperation
查找图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; import java.util.Scanner; public class FindOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { //查找图书 System.out.println("查找图书! "); System.out.println("请输入要查找的图书: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())) { System.out.println("找到了! "); System.out.println(book); return; } } System.out.println("没有这本书! "); } }
8. ReturnOperation
归还图书:
package operations; import book.Book; import book.BookList; import java.util.Scanner; public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{ @Override public void work(BookList bookList) { System.out.println("归还图书! "); System.out.println("请输入要归还的图书的名字: "); Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); String name = scanner.nextLine(); for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getUsedSize(); i++) { Book book = bookList.getPos(i); if(name.equals(book.getName())) { book.setBorrowed(false); System.out.println("归还图书成功! "); return; } } System.out.println("没有你要归还的书! "); } }
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