PowershellDSC5.0-资源的使用
Powershell DSC 自带了一些常见的资源。如果需要新的，可以下载安装 DSC Resource Kit 10或者从Powershell Gallery下载。
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比如说查看当前已经安装了的资源
PS C:\Windows\system32> Get-DscResource
ImplementedAs Name ModuleName Version Properties
------------- ---- ---------- ------- ----------
Binary File {DestinationPath, Attributes, Checksum, Content...
PowerShell Archive PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Destination, Path, Checksum, Credential...}
PowerShell Environment PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Name, DependsOn, Ensure, Path...}
PowerShell Group PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {GroupName, Credential, DependsOn, Description...}
Binary Log PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Message, DependsOn, PsDscRunAsCredential}
PowerShell Package PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Name, Path, ProductId, Arguments...}
PowerShell Registry PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Key, ValueName, DependsOn, Ensure...}
PowerShell Script PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {GetScript, SetScript, TestScript, Credential...}
PowerShell Service PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Name, BuiltInAccount, Credential, Dependencies...
PowerShell User PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {UserName, DependsOn, Description, Disabled...}
PowerShell WaitForAll PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {NodeName, ResourceName, DependsOn, PsDscRunAsC...
PowerShell WaitForAny PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {NodeName, ResourceName, DependsOn, PsDscRunAsC...
PowerShell WaitForSome PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {NodeCount, NodeName, ResourceName, DependsOn...}
PowerShell WindowsFeature PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Name, Credential, DependsOn, Ensure...}
PowerShell WindowsOptionalFeature PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Name, DependsOn, Ensure, LogLevel...}
PowerShell WindowsProcess PSDesiredStateConfiguration 1.1 {Arguments, Path, Credential, DependsOn...}
PowerShell xArchive xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Destination, Path, CompressionLevel, DependsOn...
PowerShell xDSCWebService xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {CertificateThumbPrint, EndpointName, AcceptSel...
PowerShell xGroup xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {GroupName, Credential, DependsOn, Description...}
PowerShell xPackage xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Name, Path, ProductId, Arguments...}
PowerShell xPSEndpoint xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Name, AccessMode, DependsOn, Ensure...}
PowerShell xRemoteFile xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {DestinationPath, Uri, Credential, DependsOn...}
PowerShell xService xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Name, BuiltInAccount, Credential, Dependencies...
PowerShell xWindowsOptionalFeature xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Name, DependsOn, Ensure, LogLevel...}
PowerShell xWindowsProcess xPSDesiredStateConfiguration 3.5.0.0 {Arguments, Path, Credential, DependsOn...}下面是一些常见的例子：
拷贝文件 资源叫做 File
configuration TestFile {
Node sydittest {
File ZipFile {
Ensure = "Present"
Type = "Directory“ # Default is “File”
Force = $True
Recurse = $True
SourcePath = '\\sydit01\test'
DestinationPath = 'C:\Downloads' # On Sydittest
}
}
}
TestFile -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force
查看该zip文件已经拷贝了
2.解压zip文件，资源叫做 Archive
configuration TestArchive {
Node sydittest {
Archive Unzip{
Destination = 'C:\unzip'
Path = 'c:\downloads\temp.zip'
Checksum = 'SHA-256'
Validate = $true
Force = $true
Ensure = 'Present'
}
}
}
TestArchive -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -Force
该文件已经解压到指定目录
3. 创建环境变量 资源叫做Environment
configuration TestEnvVar {
Node sydittest {
Environment NewVar{
Name = 'MYNEWVAR'
Value = 'Value to store'
Ensure = 'Present'
}
}
}
TestEnvVar -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
确认该环境变量已经创建
4.创建本地用户 资源是User
这个是几个资源里面相对麻烦的一个，因为默认传递的是明文，他不会允许你推送的，我需要明确告诉他允许明文。
configuration TestUser
{
param
(
[PSCredential]$Credential
)
node sydittest
{
User TestUser
{
UserName = $Credential.UserName
Ensure = 'Present'
Password = $Credential
Description = 'User created by DSC'
PasswordNeverExpires = $true
PasswordChangeNotAllowed = $true
}
}
}
$ConfigData = @{
AllNodes = @(
@{
NodeName = 'sydittest'
PSDscAllowPlainTextPassword=$true
}
)
}
TestUser -ConfigurationData $ConfigData -Credential (Get-Credential) -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config可以看见是明文发送的，如果是生产环境，需要用证书加密的才行。
推送出去
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force
可以看见用户已经创建了
5.创建本地组 资源 Group
configuration TestGroup {
Node sydittest {
Group CreateGroup {
Ensure = 'Present'
GroupName = 'TestGroup'
Description = 'This is a DSC test group'
Members = 'administrator'
}
}
}
TestGroup -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force
6.创建注册表键 资源 Registry
configuration TestRegistry {
Node sydittest {
Registry CreateReg {
Key = 'HKEY_Local_Machine\Software\DSCTest'
ValueName = 'DSCTestGood'
ValueType = 'string'
ValueData = 'True'
}
}
}
Testregistry -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force
确认成功创建
7. 创建进程（运行某个程序） 资源是 Windowsprocess
configuration TestProcess {
Node sydittest {
WindowsProcess CreateNotepad {
Path = 'notepad.exe'
Arguments = ''
}
WindowsProcess CreatePaint {
Path = 'mspaint.exe'
Arguments = ''
}
}
}
TestProcess -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force确认
8. 更改服务的状态
configuration TestService {
Node sydittest {
Service StartAudio {
Name = 'Audiosrv'
State = 'Running'
StartupType = 'Automatic'
}
}
}
TestService -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force更改前
更改
更改后
9. 脚本资源
这个是当现有的资源都无法满足需求的时候，可以进行自定义资源。里面有3个子模块，test，set，get
首先通过 test 判断状态，返回一个boolean值，如果是true，忽略；如果是false，那么在set里面进行处理；相当于于一个if else的判断语句。get可以通过getdsc的命令获取当前状态
下面的例子是判断如果bits服务开启，那么关闭
configuration TestScript {
Node sydittest {
Script TestScript {
GetScript = {
@{
GetScript = $GetScript
SetScript = $setScript
TestScript = $TestScript
Result = (Get-Service -name bits).status
}
}
SetScript = {
stop-Service -name bits
}
TestScript = {
$Status=(Get-service -name bits).status
$Status -eq 'stopped'
}
}
}
}
Testscript -OutputPath c:\DSC\Mod5Config
Start-DscConfiguration -computername sydittest -Path c:\dsc\Mod5Config -Wait -Verbose -force
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