SpringBoot整合Kotlin构建Web服务的方法示例

今天我们尝试Spring Boot整合Kotlin,并决定建立一个非常简单的Spring Boot微服务,使用Kotlin作为编程语言进行编码构建。

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创建一个简单的Spring Boot应用程序。我会在这里使用maven构建项目:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


  4.0.0

  com.edurt.ski
  springboot-kotlin-integration
  1.0.0
  jar

  springboot kotlin integration
  SpringBoot Kotlin Integration is a open source springboot, kotlin integration example.

  
    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-parent
    2.1.3.RELEASE
     
  

  
    UTF-8
    UTF-8
    1.8
    
    1.2.71
  

  
    
    
      org.springframework.boot
      spring-boot-starter-web
    
    
    
      com.fasterxml.jackson.module
      jackson-module-kotlin
    
    
      org.jetbrains.kotlin
      kotlin-stdlib-jdk8
    
    
      org.jetbrains.kotlin
      kotlin-reflect
    
  

  
    ${project.basedir}/src/main/kotlin
    ${project.basedir}/src/test/kotlin
    
      
        org.springframework.boot
        spring-boot-maven-plugin
      
      
        kotlin-maven-plugin
        org.jetbrains.kotlin
        
          
            -Xjsr305=strict
          
          
            spring
            jpa
            all-open
          
          
            
          
        
        
          
            org.jetbrains.kotlin
            kotlin-maven-allopen
            ${plugin.maven.kotlin.version}
          
          
            org.jetbrains.kotlin
            kotlin-maven-noarg
            ${plugin.maven.kotlin.version}
          
        
        
          
            kapt
            
              kapt
            
            
              
                src/main/kotlin
              
              
                
                  org.springframework.boot
                  spring-boot-configuration-processor
                  ${project.parent.version}
                
              
            
          
        
      
    
  

添加所有必需的依赖项:

  • kotlin-stdlib-jdk8 kotlin jdk8的lib包
  • kotlin-reflect kotlin反射包

一个简单的应用类:

package com.edurt.ski

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication
import org.springframework.boot.runApplication

@SpringBootApplication
class SpringBootKotlinIntegration

fun main(args: Array) {
  runApplication(*args)
}

添加Rest API接口功能

创建一个HelloController Rest API接口,我们只提供一个简单的get请求获取hello,kotlin输出信息:

package com.edurt.ski.controller

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController

@RestController
class HelloController {

  @GetMapping(value = "hello")
  fun hello(): String {
    return "hello,kotlin"
  }

}

修改SpringBootKotlinIntegration文件增加以下设置扫描路径

@ComponentScan(value = [
  "com.edurt.ski",
  "com.edurt.ski.controller"
])

添加页面功能

修改pom.xml文件增加以下页面依赖



  org.springframework.boot
  spring-boot-starter-mustache

在src/main/resources路径下创建templates文件夹

在templates文件夹下创建一个名为hello.mustache的页面文件

Hello, Kotlin

创建页面转换器HelloView

package com.edurt.ski.view

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
import org.springframework.ui.Model
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping

@Controller
class HelloView {

  @GetMapping(value = "hello_view")
  fun helloView(model: Model): String {
    return "hello"
  }

}

浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/hello_view即可看到页面内容

添加数据持久化功能

修改pom.xml文件增加以下依赖(由于测试功能我们使用h3内存数据库)



  org.springframework.boot
  spring-boot-starter-data-jpa


  com.h3database
  h3
  runtime

创建User实体

package com.edurt.ski.model

import javax.persistence.Entity
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue
import javax.persistence.Id

@Entity
//class UserModel(
//    @Id
//    @GeneratedValue
//    private var id: Long? = 0,
//    private var name: String
//)
class UserModel {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    var id: Long? = 0
        get() = field
        set

    var name: String? = null
        get() = field
        set

}

创建UserSupport dao数据库操作工具类

package com.edurt.ski.support

import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel
import org.springframework.data.repository.PagingAndSortingRepository

interface UserSupport : PagingAndSortingRepository {

}

创建UserService服务类

package com.edurt.ski.service

import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel

interface UserService {

  /**
   * save model to db
   */
  fun save(model: UserModel): UserModel

}

创建UserServiceImpl实现类

package com.edurt.ski.service

import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel
import com.edurt.ski.support.UserSupport
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service

@Service(value = "userService")
class UserServiceImpl(private val userSupport: UserSupport) : UserService {

  override fun save(model: UserModel): UserModel {
    return this.userSupport.save(model)
  }

}

创建用户UserController进行持久化数据

package com.edurt.ski.controller

import com.edurt.ski.model.UserModel
import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "user")
class UserController(private val userService: UserService) {

  @PostMapping(value = "save/{name}")
  fun save(@PathVariable name: String): UserModel {
    val userModel = UserModel()
//    userModel.id = 1
    userModel.name = name
    return this.userService.save(userModel)
  }

}

使用控制台窗口执行以下命令保存数据

curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/user/save/qianmoQ

收到返回结果

{"id":1,"name":"qianmoQ"}

表示数据保存成功

增加数据读取渲染功能

修改UserService增加以下代码

/**
 * get all model
 */
fun getAll(page: Pageable): Page

修改UserServiceImpl增加以下代码

override fun getAll(page: Pageable): Page {
  return this.userSupport.findAll(page)
}

修改UserController增加以下代码

@GetMapping(value = "list")
fun get(): Page = this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 10))

创建UserView文件渲染User数据

package com.edurt.ski.view

import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller
import org.springframework.ui.Model
import org.springframework.ui.set
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping

@Controller
class UserView(private val userService: UserService) {

  @GetMapping(value = "user_view")
  fun helloView(model: Model): String {
    model["users"] = this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 10))
    return "user"
  }

}

创建user.mustache文件渲染数据(自行解析返回数据即可)

{{users}}

浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/user_view即可看到页面内容

增加单元功能

修改pom.xml文件增加以下依赖



  org.springframework.boot
  spring-boot-starter-test
  test
  
    
      junit
      junit
    
    
      org.mockito
      mockito-core
    
  


  org.junit.jupiter
  junit-jupiter-engine
  test

创建UserServiceTest文件进行测试UserService功能

package com.edurt.ski

import com.edurt.ski.service.UserService
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
class UserServiceTest(@Autowired private val userService: UserService) {

  @Test
  fun `get all`() {
    println(">> Assert blog page title, content and status code")
    val entity = this.userService.getAll(PageRequest(0, 1))
    print(entity.totalPages)
  }

}

源码地址:GitHub

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持创新互联。


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