SolidityZombies怎么使用
本篇内容主要讲解“Solidity Zombies怎么使用”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“Solidity Zombies怎么使用”吧!
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ZombieFactory.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.19; import "./ownable.sol"; contract ZombieFactory is Ownable { event NewZombie(uint zombieId, string name, uint dna); uint dnaDigits = 16; uint dnaModulus = 10 ** dnaDigits; uint cooldownTime = 1 days; struct Zombie { string name; uint dna; uint32 level; uint32 readyTime; } Zombie[] public zombies; mapping (uint => address) public zombieToOwner; mapping (address => uint) ownerZombieCount; function _createZombie(string _name, uint _dna) internal { uint id = zombies.push(Zombie(_name, _dna, 1, uint32(now + cooldownTime))) - 1; zombieToOwner[id] = msg.sender; ownerZombieCount[msg.sender]++; NewZombie(id, _name, _dna); } function _generateRandomDna(string _str) private view returns (uint) { uint rand = uint(keccak256(_str)); return rand % dnaModulus; } function createRandomZombie(string _name) public { require(ownerZombieCount[msg.sender] == 0); uint randDna = _generateRandomDna(_name); randDna = randDna - randDna % 100; _createZombie(_name, randDna); } }
Ownable是来自 OpenZeppelin Solidity 库的 Ownable 合约。 事件 是合约和区块链通讯的一种机制。你的前端应用“监听”某些事件,并做出反应。如:
var abi = // abi是由编译器生成的 var ZombieFactoryContract = web3.eth.contract(abi) var contractAddress = /// 发布之后在以太坊上生成的合约地址 var ZombieFactory = ZombieFactoryContract.at(contractAddress) // ZombieFactory能访问公共的函数以及事件 // 监听NewZombie事件, 并且更新UI var event = ZombieFactory.NewZombie(function(error, result) { if (error) return generateZombie(result.zombieId, result.name, result.dna) })
ZombieFeeding.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.19; import "./zombiefactory.sol"; contract KittyInterface { function getKitty(uint256 _id) external view returns ( bool isGestating, bool isReady, uint256 cooldownIndex, uint256 nextActionAt, uint256 siringWithId, uint256 birthTime, uint256 matronId, uint256 sireId, uint256 generation, uint256 genes ); } contract ZombieFeeding is ZombieFactory { KittyInterface kittyContract; modifier ownerOf(uint _zombieId) { require(msg.sender == zombieToOwner[_zombieId]); _; } function setKittyContractAddress(address _address) external onlyOwner { kittyContract = KittyInterface(_address); } function _triggerCooldown(Zombie storage _zombie) internal { _zombie.readyTime = uint32(now + cooldownTime); } function _isReady(Zombie storage _zombie) internal view returns (bool) { return (_zombie.readyTime <= now); } function feedAndMultiply(uint _zombieId, uint _targetDna, string _species) internal ownerOf(_zombieId) { Zombie storage myZombie = zombies[_zombieId]; require(_isReady(myZombie)); _targetDna = _targetDna % dnaModulus; uint newDna = (myZombie.dna + _targetDna) / 2; if (keccak256(_species) == keccak256("kitty")) { newDna = newDna - newDna % 100 + 99; } _createZombie("NoName", newDna); _triggerCooldown(myZombie); } function feedOnKitty(uint _zombieId, uint _kittyId) public { uint kittyDna; (,,,,,,,,,kittyDna) = kittyContract.getKitty(_kittyId); feedAndMultiply(_zombieId, kittyDna, "kitty"); } }
在 Solidity 中,有一些全局变量可以被所有函数调用。 其中一个就是 msg.sender,它指的是当前调用者(或智能合约)的 address。
Solidity 使用自己的本地时间单位。 变量 now 将返回当前的unix时间戳(自1970年1月1日以来经过的秒数)。我写这句话时 unix 时间是 1515527488。注意:Unix时间传统用一个32位的整数进行存储。这会导致“2038年”问题,当这个32位的unix时间戳不够用,产生溢出,使用这个时间的遗留系统就麻烦了。所以,如果我们想让我们的 DApp 跑够20年,我们可以使用64位整数表示时间,但为此我们的用户又得支付更多的 gas。真是个两难的设计啊!
Solidity 还包含秒(seconds),分钟(minutes),小时(hours),天(days),周(weeks) 和 年(years) 等时间单位。它们都会转换成对应的秒数放入 uint 中。所以 1分钟 就是 60,1小时是 3600(60秒×60分钟),1天是86400(24小时×60分钟×60秒),以此类推。
ZombieHelper.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.19; import "./zombiefeeding.sol"; contract ZombieHelper is ZombieFeeding { uint levelUpFee = 0.001 ether; modifier aboveLevel(uint _level, uint _zombieId) { require(zombies[_zombieId].level >= _level); _; } function withdraw() external onlyOwner { owner.transfer(this.balance); } function setLevelUpFee(uint _fee) external onlyOwner { levelUpFee = _fee; } function levelUp(uint _zombieId) external payable { require(msg.value == levelUpFee); zombies[_zombieId].level++; } function changeName(uint _zombieId, string _newName) external aboveLevel(2, _zombieId) ownerOf(_zombieId) { zombies[_zombieId].name = _newName; } function changeDna(uint _zombieId, uint _newDna) external aboveLevel(20, _zombieId) ownerOf(_zombieId) { zombies[_zombieId].dna = _newDna; } function getZombiesByOwner(address _owner) external view returns(uint[]) { uint[] memory result = new uint[](ownerZombieCount[_owner]); uint counter = 0; for (uint i = 0; i < zombies.length; i++) { if (zombieToOwner[i] == _owner) { result[counter] = i; counter++; } } return result; } }
msg.value 是一种可以查看向合约发送了多少以太的方法,另外 ether 是一个內建单元。
这里发生的事是,一些人会从 web3.js 调用这个函数 (从DApp的前端), 像这样 :
// 假设 `OnlineStore` 在以太坊上指向你的合约: OnlineStore.buySomething().send(from: web3.eth.defaultAccount, value: web3.utils.toWei(0.001))
ZombieBattle.sol
pragma solidity ^0.4.19; import "./zombiehelper.sol"; contract ZombieBattle is ZombieHelper { uint randNonce = 0; uint attackVictoryProbability = 70; function randMod(uint _modulus) internal returns(uint) { randNonce++; return uint(keccak256(now, msg.sender, randNonce)) % _modulus; } function attack(uint _zombieId, uint _targetId) external ownerOf(_zombieId) { Zombie storage myZombie = zombies[_zombieId]; Zombie storage enemyZombie = zombies[_targetId]; uint rand = randMod(100); if (rand <= attackVictoryProbability) { myZombie.winCount++; myZombie.level++; enemyZombie.lossCount++; feedAndMultiply(_zombieId, enemyZombie.dna, "zombie"); } else { myZombie.lossCount++; enemyZombie.winCount++; _triggerCooldown(myZombie); } } }
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