Kafka中怎么通过整合SpringBoot实现消息发送与消费
Kafka中怎么通过整合SpringBoot实现消息发送与消费,相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策,为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法,通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
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kafka和zookeeper集群前边写过了。如果遇到kakfa说没有连接记得把kafka下logs日志都删除了,重新启动kafka集群再启动springboot服务
zookeeper https://my.oschina.net/u/3730149/blog/3071737 kafka https://my.oschina.net/u/3730149/blog/3071754
生产者
maven依赖
4.0.0 com.gzh.kafka.producer producer 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar kafka-producer-master demo project for kafka producer org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 2.1.5.RELEASE 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter org.springframework.kafka spring-kafka ${spring-kafka.version} org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.kafka spring-kafka-test ${spring-kafka.version} test io.springfox springfox-swagger2 2.8.0 io.springfox springfox-swagger-ui 2.8.0 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
application.properties
server.port=8000 spring.application.name=kafka-producer #kafka configuration spring.kafka.producer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092,127.0.0.1:9093,127.0.0.1:9094 spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer #topic kafka.app.topic.foo=test20180430
使用Spring Boot发送Spring Kafka消息
SpringKafka提供了使用Producer的KafkaTemplate类发送消息,并提供将数据发送到Kafka主题的高级操作。 提供异步和同步方法,异步方法返回Future。Spring Boot根据application.properties属性文件中配置的属性自动配置并初始化KafkaTemplate。
为了方便测试发送消息,使用了Spring的定时任务,在类上使用@EnableScheduling 注解开启定时任务,通过@Scheduled注解指定发送消息规则。
package com.gzh.kafka.producer.component; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate; import org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling; import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture; @Component @EnableScheduling public class KafkaMessageProducer { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(KafkaMessageProducer.class); @Autowired private KafkaTemplatekafkaTemplate; @Value("${kafka.app.topic.foo}") private String topic; @Scheduled(cron = "00/5 * * * * ?") public void send() { String message = "Hello World---" + System.currentTimeMillis(); LOG.info("topic="+topic+",message="+message); ListenableFuture > future = kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message); future.addCallback(success -> LOG.info("KafkaMessageProducer 发送消息成功!"), fail -> LOG.error("KafkaMessageProducer 发送消息失败!")); } }
创建消息生产者启动类
package com.gzh.kafka.producer; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; @SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigurationProperties public class KafkaProducerApplication{ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(KafkaProducerApplication.class, args); } }
至此,Spring Boot整合Spring Kafka消息生产者应用已经整合完毕。启动zookeeper、kafka各个服务器。启动生产者应用,查看消息生产者应用控制台日志,显示发送消息成功!说明整合OK。
也可以用前段web页面请求的方式
package com.gzh.kafka.producer.service; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate; import org.springframework.kafka.support.SendResult; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.util.concurrent.ListenableFuture; @Service public class KafkaMessageSendService { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(KafkaMessageSendService.class); @Autowired private KafkaTemplatekafkaTemplate; @Value("${kafka.app.topic.foo}") private String topic; public void send(String message){ LOG.info("topic="+topic+",message="+message); ListenableFuture > future = kafkaTemplate.send(topic, message); future.addCallback(success -> LOG.info("KafkaMessageProducer 发送消息成功!"), fail -> LOG.error("KafkaMessageProducer 发送消息失败!")); } }
界面请求处理controller类
package com.gzh.kafka.producer.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.gzh.kafka.producer.service.KafkaMessageSendService; @RestController @RequestMapping(value="send",produces=MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) public class KafkaMessageSendController { @Autowired private KafkaMessageSendService kafkaMessageSendService; @RequestMapping(value="/sendMessage",method=RequestMethod.POST) public String send(@RequestParam(required=true) String message){ try { kafkaMessageSendService.send(message); } catch (Exception e) { return "send failed."; } return message; } }
通过Swagger访问测试Controller服务请求
消费者
maven依赖
4.0.0 com.gzh.kafka.consumer consumer 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT jar kafka-consumer-master demo project for kafka consumer org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-parent 1.5.9.RELEASE UTF-8 UTF-8 1.3.4.RELEASE 1.8 org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter org.springframework.kafka spring-kafka ${spring-kafka.version} org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-test test org.springframework.kafka spring-kafka-test ${spring-kafka.version} test org.springframework.boot spring-boot-maven-plugin
注意,这是使用Spring-Kafka时一定要注意版本问题,否则会报各种奇葩错误。Spring官方网站上给出了SpringKafka和kafka-client版本(它的版本号要和kafka服务器的版本保持一致)的对应关系:
application.properties配置
server.port=8001 spring.application.name=kafka-consumer #kafka configuration #指定消息被消费之后自动提交偏移量,以便下次继续消费 spring.kafka.consumer.enable-auto-commit=true #指定消息组 spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=guan #指定kafka服务器地址 spring.kafka.consumer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092,127.0.0.1:9093,127.0.0.1:9094 #指定从最近地方开始消费(earliest) spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=latest spring.kafka.consumer.key-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer spring.kafka.consumer.value-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer #topic kafka.app.topic.foo=test20180430
通过使用@KafkaListener来注解一个方法Spring Kafka会自动创建一个消息监听器容器。使用该注解,并指定要消费的topic(也可以指定消费组以及分区号,支持正则表达式匹配),这样,消费者一旦启动,就会监听kafka服务器上的topic,实时进行消费消息。
package com.gzh.kafka.consumer.service; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener; import org.springframework.messaging.MessageHeaders; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Headers; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class KafkaMessageConsumer { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(KafkaMessageConsumer.class); @KafkaListener(topics={"${kafka.app.topic.foo}"}) public void receive(@Payload String message, @Headers MessageHeaders headers){ LOG.info("KafkaMessageConsumer 接收到消息:"+message); headers.keySet().forEach(key->LOG.info("{}: {}",key,headers.get(key))); } }
创建消息消费者启动类
package com.gzh.kafka.consumer; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties; @SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigurationProperties public class KafkaConsumerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(KafkaConsumerApplication.class, args); } }
消费者应用已经完成,接下来让我们验证Spring Kafka消息发送和接收效果。先依次启动zookeeper、kafka服务器,然后在启动生产者(kafka-producer-master)应用,再启动消费者(kafka-consumer-master)应用,然后观察生产者和消费者启动类日志: 显示接受消息成功!
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