数据结构--二叉树(1)
二叉树
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构建:二叉树的构建采用的是先序遍历,->先储存根节点然后左右节点,用递归的思想将所有数据放在树中。
代码实现:实现了4种访问方法,先序,中序,后序,和层序的访问方法都采用递归的方式。
#include#include #include using namespace std; template struct rootnode { T _value; rootnode *_leftnode; rootnode *_rightnode; rootnode (T value) : _value(value), _leftnode(NULL), _rightnode(NULL) {} }; template class BinaryTree { public: BinaryTree ( T *str) { T *tmp = str; _root = _BinaryTree(tmp); } ~BinaryTree() { _Clear(_root); } BinaryTree (BinaryTree &t) { _root=_Copy(t._root); } BinaryTree & operator=(BinaryTree t) { if (*this != t) { swap(_root, t._root); } } void Fastorder() { _Fastorder(_root); } void Inorder() { _Inorder(_root); } void Postorder() { _Postorder(_root); } void Levelorder() { queue *> q; if (_root == NULL) { return; } q.push(_root); while (!q.empty()) { rootnode * root = q.front(); cout << root->_value; q.pop(); if (root->_leftnode != NULL) { q.push(root->_leftnode); } if (root->_rightnode != NULL) { q.push(root->_rightnode); } } } int leafnum() { int num = 0; num=_Leafnum(_root,num); return num; } int Size() { int size = 0; _Size(_root,size); return size; } int Depth() { int Depth = _Depth(_root); return Depth; } void NRfastorder() { stack *> s; if (_root != NULL) { s.push(_root); } while (!s.empty()) { rootnode * front=s.top(); cout< _value; s.pop(); if (front->_rightnode != NULL) { s.push(front->_rightnode); } if (front->_leftnode != NULL) { s.push(front->_leftnode); } } } void NRinorder() { stack *>s; rootnode *cur = _root; rootnode * top = NULL; while (cur||!s.empty()) { while (cur) { s.push(cur); cur = cur->_leftnode; } if (top != s.top()->_rightnode) { top = s.top(); cout << top->_value; s.pop(); cur = top->_rightnode; } else { top = s.top(); cout << top->_value; s.pop(); } } } void NRpostorder() { rootnode *cur = _root; stack *> s; rootnode *top = NULL; while (cur || !s.empty()) { while (cur) { s.push(cur); cur = cur->_leftnode; } if (s.top()->_rightnode != NULL&&top != s.top()->_rightnode) { top = s.top(); cur = top->_rightnode; } else { top = s.top(); s.pop(); cout << top->_value; } } } protected: rootnode * _BinaryTree(T *&str) { rootnode *root = NULL; if (*str != '#'&&*str != '\0') { root = new rootnode (*str); str++; root->_leftnode = _BinaryTree(str); str++; root->_rightnode = _BinaryTree(str); } return root; } void _Fastorder(rootnode *&root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } else { cout << root->_value; _Fastorder(root->_leftnode); _Fastorder(root->_rightnode); } } void _Inorder(rootnode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } _Inorder(root->_leftnode); cout << root->_value; _Inorder(root->_rightnode); } void _Postorder(rootnode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } _Postorder(root->_leftnode); _Postorder(root->_rightnode); cout << root->_value; } void _Clear(rootnode *root) { if (root == NULL) { return; } rootnode *tmp = root->_leftnode; rootnode *tmp2 = root->_rightnode; delete root; _Clear(tmp); _Clear(tmp2); } rootnode * _Copy(rootnode *root) { rootnode *newroot = NULL; if (root == NULL) { return newroot; } newroot = new rootnode (root->_value); newroot->_leftnode = _Copy(root->_leftnode); newroot->_rightnode = _Copy(root->_rightnode); return newroot; } int _Size(rootnode *root,int &size) { if (root == NULL) { return 0; } size++; _Size(root->_leftnode,size); _Size(root->_rightnode,size); return size; } int _Depth(rootnode *root) { if (root==NULL) { return 0; } int hight = 1; int left = 0; int right = 0; left += _Depth(root->_leftnode) + hight; right += _Depth(root->_rightnode) + hight; if (left > right) { return left; } else { return right; } } int _Leafnum(rootnode * root,int &num) { if (root == NULL) { return 0; } if (root->_leftnode == NULL&&root->_rightnode == NULL) { num++; } _Leafnum(root->_leftnode, num); _Leafnum(root->_rightnode, num); return num; } private: rootnode *_root; }; void Test1() { char *str = "123##45##6##78###"; BinaryTree b1(str); BinaryTree b2(b1); BinaryTree b3 = b2; b1.Fastorder(); cout << endl; b1.Inorder(); cout << endl; b1.Postorder(); cout << endl; b2.Fastorder(); cout << endl; b3.Fastorder(); cout << endl; cout << b3.Size()<
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